مجلة القادسية للعلوم الز ارعية المجلد /6 العدد /2 السنة /

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1 تأثري نوع التسميد يف فعاليت انسمياث التحلل املائي Amidohydrolases يف رايسوسفري نباث زهرة الشمس Helianthus annuus E.mail : uma.altaweel@yahoo.com تاريخ قبول النشر : 256/8/52 الخالصة تاريخ استالم البحث : 256// P 2 O 5 7 (Mikrokondi) 3 N5 K 2 O الكلمات المفتاحية : الرايزوسفير االميديز االسبرتيز اليوريز الكلوتامينيز االسبرجينيز. (2,Uren) املقدمت (99, Tabatabai) Hydrolase 888 (998) Paolo amidohydrolases Alef (Amidase, Urease, asparaginase glutaminase, aspartase, 56

2 Nanniperi 25) Bayrrakli 2 klose (29) Krajewska (2) Tabatabai 35 3 املواد وطرائق العمل N (Mikro Kondi) 7 5 Franken Berger K 2 O 7 P 2 O (98) Tabatabai (999) Raman axman CN Bergstrom (99) Tabatabai (998) Monreal 7 (996) Snewo Tabatabai ph=8.5 Tham Kizilkaya 566

3 Senwo ph=8.5 (996) Tabatabai 3 Tham (965) Bremner (965b, Black) Tabatabai ph=9 Franken (99a) Tabatabai ph= Tham (972) Bremner Tham Franken (99b) Tabatabai berger berger Page EC ph Page (965b) Black Papanicolou (976) ECE Black (965a) Black (965a) النتائج واملناقشت

4 (999) 886 Tabatabai, Klose (23) Jose Ai Aswathy

5 885 (99) Tabatabai Badalucco (2) Blank Amidohydrolases (998) Bergstrom Badalucco

6 7. (2) Blank املصادر amidohydrolases

7 Soil. Sci.Soc. Am. J, 62 : Black, C. A. 965a. Methods of soil analysis. Part. Physical and Mineralogical Properties. Am. Soc. Agron. In : Publisher, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Black, C.A. 965b. Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties.Am.Soc. Agron. Inc. Publisher, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Blank,R. R. 2.Enzyme activity in temperate desert soils : influence of microsite, depth and grazing.usda Forest service proceedings RMRS.P.3 :553. Frankenberger, W.T. Jr and M.A. Tabatabai. 99a. asparaginase activity of soils. Biol. Fert. Soils, : 62. Frankenberger, W.T. Jr and J.B Tabatabai. 99b. glutaminase activity of soils. Soil Biol. Biochem. 23: Frankenberger, W.T. Jr and M.A Tabatabai. 98. Amidase activity in soils : I. Methods of assay.soil Sci. Am.J. : Kizilkaya, R and B. Bayrrakli.25. Effects of Nenriched sewage sludge on soil enzyme activities. Appl. Soil.Ecol. 3 : Klose, S and M. A. Tabatabai Urease activity of microbial biomass in soils. Soil Biol.Biochem. 3 :252. Klose, S. and M.A. Tabatabai.2. Urease activity of microbial biomass in soil as affected by cropping system.biology and Fertility of Soils. 3 : Ai, C ; G. iang ; J. Sun ; X. Wang and W.Zhou. 22 Responses of extra cellular enzyme activities and microbial community in both the rhizosphere and bulk soil to longterm fertilization practices in a fluvoaquic soil Geoderma Alef, K and P. Nannipieri Methods is applied soil microbiology and biochemistry. Academic press. har cout Brace and company, Publisher, ondon San Digo New york Boston Sydney Tokyo Toronto. Second printing. Aswathy, K.G and V. Jose.23 Effect of induced amendments on microbial enzyme activity in the rhizosphere of rice. Int.J. curr. microbial. App. Sci. 2 (). 22. Badalucco, ; S.Grego ;S.Dellorco and P. Nannipieri Effect of liming on some chemical, Biochemical, and microbiological properties acid soils under spruce (Picea abies ) Biol. Fertile Soils. : Bergstrom, D.W ; C.M. Monreal and D.J. King Sensitivity of soil enzyme activities to conservation practices. Soil sci.soc. Am.J., 62 : Bergstrom, D.W and C.M. Monreal Increased soil enzyme activities under two row crops. 55

8 their percent base saturation. Soil Sci.2 : 657. Senow, Z. N and Tabatabai, M. A Asparatase activity of Soil. Sci Soc. Am. J. 6 : 622. Tabatabai, M. A 99. Soil enzyme. In R.W. weaver ; S. Angle ; P.Bottomyle ; D.bezdicek ; S. Smith ; M.A. Tabatabai and A. Wollum (eds). Methods of soil analysis. part 2. Microbiology and Biochemical properties Soil Sci. Am. Inc. USA. Tabatabai, M.A and J.M. Bremner Assay of Urease activity in soils.soil Bio. Biochem. : Uren, N.C.2. Types, amounts and possible functions of compounds released into the rhizosphere by soil grown plants. In the rhizosphere : Biochemistry and organic substances at the soil interface, ed. R.Pinton,Z.Varanini, P. Nannipieri.P.9.New York. Krajewska,B. 29.Urease, functional, catalytic and kinetic properties : Areview.J. Molec.Cata.B.Enzymatic. 59 :92. axman Reddy, M.S.R and S. Raman. 99. Effected of moisture and heavy metals on the activity of asparaginase in al fisols and vetrisols. Journal of the Indin society of soil science.7 : Nannipieri, P; J.Ascher ; M.T. Ceccherini ;.andi ; G.pietramellara and G.renella.23. Microbial diversity and soil functions. Eur J. Soil Sci.5 : Page, A.. ; R.H.Miller and D.R. Kenney. 982.Methods of soil analysis. Part2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties 2 nd ed.am.soc. Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Papanicolaou, E. P Determination of cation exchange capacity of calcareous soils and 5

9 The Effect of Fertilizers in Amidohydrolases enzymes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) Rhizoshper uma.s.j. AlTaweel College of Agriculture / University of AlQadisiyah Abstract To study the enzymes activity for (Amidase, Urease, Asparaginase, Glutaminase and Aspartase) in sunflower plant rhizosphere in two different textures and the effect of the fertilizers kinds (mineral fertilizer, organic fertilizer and biofertilizer) in enzymes activity, two sites were chosen, the first was clayey silt texture and the second was sandy loam texture were fertilized in one level for every kind of fertilizers. The mineral fertilizer (6N kg.h were added in two times before the cultivated and the second before flowering and 8 kg. P 2 O 5 kg.h were added before cultivated and 8kg K 2 O kg h were added before cultivated). Organic fertilizer (poultry manure) was added as one level Ton.h and the bio fertilizer (Mikrokondi) were added spraying 5 letter.h in two times when start of vegetation about (68) leaves and the second spray before flowering about weeks after the first treatment. The results were summarized as : Increasing of enzyme activity for all enzymes in rhizosphere than the bulk soil. The enzymes activity in clayey silt texture were increased than the enzymes activity in sandy loam texture in all fertilized treatments. The organic fertilizer has high values than the author fertilizer kinds in enzymes activities and it arranged as follow : Organic fertilizer biofertilizer mineral fertilizer control The highest enzymes activities values were in Amidase and the lowest were in Asperginase and it arranged as follow : Amidase Aspartase Urease Glutaminase Asparaginase Keywords : Rhizosphere, Amidase, Aspartase, Urease,Glutaminase, Asparaginase. 5